دانلود رایگان مقاله سموم دفع آفات: بروزرسانی از قرار گرفتن در معرض و سمیت انسان

Pesticides are a family of compounds which  have brought many benefits to mankind in the agricultural,  industrial, and health areas, but their toxicities in both  humans and animals have always been a concern. Regard - less of acute poisonings which are common for some  classes of pesticides like organophosphoruses, the associa - tion of chronic and sub-lethal exposure to pesticides with  a prevalence of some persistent diseases is going to be a  phenomenon to which global attention has been attracted.  In this review, incidence of various malignant, neurode - generative, respiratory, reproductive, developmental, and  metabolic diseases in relation to different routes of human  exposure to pesticides such as occupational, environmen - tal, residential, parental, maternal, and paternal has been  systematically criticized in different categories of pesti - cide toxicities like carcinogenicity, neurotoxicity, pulmo - notoxicity, reproductive toxicity, developmental toxicity,  and metabolic toxicity. A huge body of evidence exists  on the possible role of pesticide exposures in the elevated incidence of human diseases such as cancers, Alzheimer,  Parkinson, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, asthma, bron - chitis, infertility, birth defects, attention deficit hyperac - tivity disorder, autism, diabetes, and obesity. Most of the  disorders are induced by insecticides and herbicides most  notably organophosphorus, organochlorines, phenoxyacetic  acids, and triazine compounds.