دانلود رایگان مقاله حقوق بشر ، تغییر اوضاع و تریلیونمین تن

The desultory, almost leisurely approach of most of the world ’ s national states to climate change re fl ects no detectable sense of urgency. My question is  what,  if  anything,  is  wrong  with  this  persistent  lack  of  urgency.  My answer  is  that  everything  is  wrong  with  it  and,  in  particular,  that  it constitutes a violation of basic rights as well as a failure to seize a golden opportunity to protect rights. I criticized the outcome of the initial climate conference  in  Rio  de  Janeiro  in 1992 ,  the  Framework  Convention  on Climate  Change, for establishing “ no  dates and no  dollars: no dates are speci fi ed by which emissions are to be reduced by the wealthy states and no dollars are speci fi ed with which the wealthy states will assist the poor states to avoid an environmentally dirty development like our own. The conven- tion  is  toothless. ” 1 The  general  response  to  such  criticisms  was  that  the convention outcome was a good start.